Industrial Phosphoric Acid 85%
I. Product Definition and Core Specifications
Industrial phosphoric acid (85% concentration) is a basic bulk inorganic chemical raw material with the chemical formula H₃PO₄. This concentration (mass fraction, approximately 14.7 mol/L) is the most conventional and widely used specification among commercial phosphoric acid products. Under normal temperature and pressure, the product is a colorless, transparent, non-volatile, and high-viscosity liquid, featuring strong hygroscopicity and acidity.
II. Main Production Processes
There are two main industrial production routes, which determine the product's purity and cost differences:
Thermal process: Using yellow phosphorus as the raw material, it is produced through combustion and hydration. Phosphoric acid produced by this process has high purity, extremely low impurity content, and a clear color. It is widely used in fields requiring strict purity standards, such as food, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and high-end chemical synthesis.
Wet process: Using phosphate rock and sulfuric acid as raw materials, it is produced through acidolysis, filtration, and other steps. This process has lower costs, but the product contains impurities from the ore, such as fluorine, chlorine, sulfate radicals, and various metal ions. Usually, it requires multi-stage purification before being used in specific industrial fields.
III. Main Application Fields
As the "industrial acid," 85% phosphoric acid has extremely wide applications:
Phosphorus chemical manufacturing: It is the basic raw material for all phosphate products, such as:
Production of detergent additives like sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.
Manufacturing of nutritional fortifiers such as feed-grade and food-grade calcium hydrogen phosphate and tricalcium phosphate.
Production of special fertilizers and water-soluble fertilizers like potassium dihydrogen phosphate and monoammonium phosphate.
Metal surface treatment:
Phosphating treatment: Forms an insoluble phosphate protective film on the surface of metals such as steel and aluminum alloys, playing a key role in rust prevention and improving coating adhesion. It is widely used in the automotive, home appliance, and machinery manufacturing industries.
Cleaning and polishing: Serves as the main acid component in metal cleaning agents and chemical polishing agents.
New energy and electronics industry:
High-purity phosphoric acid is a key precursor raw material for the production of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials, directly serving the lithium battery industry chain.
Ultra-high-purity electronic-grade phosphoric acid is used in the cleaning and etching processes of integrated circuits (IC) and liquid crystal displays (LCD).
Other industrial uses: Acts as a catalyst, flame retardant (for plastics and textiles), refractory binder, and acidifier in the production of dyes and pigments.
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